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26 Law & Ineq. 1 (2008)
Gentlemen under Fire: The U.S. Military and Conduct Unbecoming

handle is hein.journals/lieq26 and id is 5 raw text is: Gentlemen Under Fire: The U.S. Military
and Conduct Unbecoming
Elizabeth L. Hillmant
Introduction  ..................................................................................  1
I.   Creating  an  Officer Class .................................................. 10
A. A Scandalous and Infamous Manner ...................... 11
B. The Military Art and American Gentility .............. 12
C. Continental Army Prosecutions ................................. 15
II.  Building  a  Profession  ......................................................... 17
A. Colonel Winthrop's Definition ................................... 18
B.   A  Stable  Fraternity ................................................. 19
C. Old Army Prosecutions .............................................. 25
III. Defending a Standing Army .............................................. 27
A. As a Court-Martial May Direct. ............................. 27
B. Democratization and its Discontents ........................ 33
C. Cold War Prosecutions .............................................. 36
IV. Meeting the Proliferating Threats ................................... 42
A. The Gentlewoman Question ....................................... 42
B. Post-Cold War Diversity and Operations .................. 46
C.  Recent Prosecutions ...................................................  51
C onclusion  ..................................................................................  56
Introduction
When it comes to military crime, the officer corps of the
United States military occupies a space both protected and
vulnerable. Military justice itself is officers' country,' a venue in
which   officers  not   only  control criminal investigation       and
t. Professor of Law, Rutgers School of Law-Camden. Versions of this Article
have been read and critiqued by many generous scholars and friends. For their
help, I am especially grateful to my colleagues at Rutgers-Camden, to audiences at
the University of Pennsylvania, the University of California, Davis, and Seton Hall
law schools, to the New York LGBTQ law faculty workshop, and to Nancy F. Cott,
Ariela Dubler, Alice K. Dueker, William N. Eskridge, Jr., Eugene R. Fidell,
Katherine Franke, Kris Franklin, Suzanne Goldberg, Robert W. Gordon, Hendrik
Hartog, Nan Hunter, Alice Kaplan, Linda K. Kerber, Jean Marie Lutes, Reva B.
Siegel, Edward Stein, and Barbara Welke. All errors and oversights are my own.
1. Officers' country technically refers to places on a ship where enlisted
personnel are not allowed. See Kristin K. Heimark, Sexual Harassment in the
United States Navy: A New Pair of Glasses, 44 NAVAL L. REV. 223, 235 n.39 (1997).

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