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90 Int'l Lab. Rev. 352 (1964)
The Industrial Wage Systems in the U.S.S.R.

handle is hein.journals/intlr90 and id is 366 raw text is: The Industrial Wage System in the U.S.S.R. by A. S. SHKURKO' After explaining the comprehensive basic wage scales applied to all industrial workers in the U.S.S.R. and their differentiation by skill, conditions of work, industry and so forth, the author describes the various types of incentive system in operation and the criteria on which they are based. In relation to all these matters he briefly indicates how technological progress will probably afect the wage structure. He con- cludes his article with a discussion of the main considerations that will guide the future evolution of the industrial wage system. WAGES are the main source of income from which Soviet workers, both manual and non-manual, pay for their food, clothing, books, articles of everyday use and other material and spiritual needs. They account for some three-quarters of the workers' total income and it is government policy to ensure a constantly rising level of wages. 'The other important source of income is supplied by the State out of the so-called social funds. It would be impossible to under- stand Soviet wage policy without fully appreciating how greatly the consumption expenditure of the workers is affected by these social funds, which provide various benefits in cash and in kind, including free education, care of children (either free of charge or at favour- able rates), free medical treatment, pensions, temporary incapacity allowances, regular holiday pay, free cultural amenities and sub- sidies for housing and communal services. Together, these benefits account for about one-quarter of the real income of the workers. In addition, social benefits are increasing more rapidly than wages proper. For example, from 1953-59 wages and salaries rose by 70 per cent., while the total of benefits provided by the social funds doubled. It is by the satisfaction of material and cultural needs, through the agency of social funds, that the task of achieving the complete spiritual and physical development of Soviet citizens is being achieved. I Deputy Director of the Labour Research Institute of the State Labour and Wages Committee, Moscow.

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