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53 UCLA L. Rev. 977 (2005-2006)
My Library: Copyright and the Role of Institutions in a Peer-to-Peer World

handle is hein.journals/uclalr53 and id is 991 raw text is: MY LIBRARY: COPYRIGHT AND THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS IN A PEER-TO-PEER WORLD Rebecca Tushnet Today's technology turns every computer-every hard drive-into a type of library. But the institutions traditionally known as libraries have been given special consideration under copyright law, even as commercial endeavors and filesharing programs have begun to emulate some of their functions. This Article explores how recent technological and legal trends are affecting public and school- affiliated libraries, which have special concerns that are not necessarily captured by an end-consumer-oriented analysis. Despite the promise that technology will empower individuals, we must recognize the crucial structural role of intermediaries that select and distribute copyrighted works. By exploring how traditional libraries are being affected by developments such as filesharing services, the iTunes Music Store, and Google's massive digitization project, this Article examines the implications of legal and technological changes that are mainly not directed at libraries, but are nonetheless vital to their continued existence. IN TRO DU C TIO N ............................................................................................................. 978 I. PU BLIC LIBRA RY ..................................................................................................... 983 A. New Options Undermine Established Practices ............................................ 984 B. The Role of Transformative Fair Use in Constraining Libraries ................... 993 C. Regularizing Nonprofit Institutions as Market Participants ........................ 1000 II. IT U N ES LIBRA RY ................................................................................................... 1002 A. Libraries Experimenting at the Margins of Technology and Law ................ 1003 B. A Note on the Institutional User and the Inevitable Insufficiency of Digital Rights M anagement ..................................................................... 1008 C . Locking D own the Library ........................................................................... 1011 1. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act and Institutions ..................... 1011 2. Garage Door Openers in the Library: Access Versus Fair Use? ............ 1015 111. G OOG LE LIBRA RY ................................................................................................. 1018 A . Legal Issues of the Universal Library ............................................................ 1018 * Associate Professor, Georgetown University Law Center. Thanks to Ann Bartow, Dan Cohen, Julie Cohen, Sonia Katyal, Michael Madison, Bob Oakley, Zachary Schrag, Hannibal Travis, and the participants at the 2005 Cybercamp: Julie Cohen (again), Kevin Collins, Susan Crawford, Terry Fisher, Brett Frischmann, Paul Hoffert, Mark Lemley, Dierdre Mulligan, Dotan Oliar, Peggy Radin, Pam Samuelson, Chris Sprigman, Molly Van Houweling, and Jonathan Zittrain. This paper was originally prepared under a grant from the American Library Association for the conference Correcting Course: Rebalancing Copyright for Libraries in the National and International Arenas, at Columbia University, May 5-7, 2005.

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