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7 Eur. J. Health L. 123 (2000)
Patients Rights in the Nordic Countries

handle is hein.journals/eurjhlb7 and id is 133 raw text is: European Journal of Health Law 7: 123-143, 2000.                   123
© 2000 Kluwer Law International. Printed in the Netherlands.
Patients Rights in the Nordic Countries
LARS H. FALLBERG
Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg, Sweden
1. Introduction
The aphorism that Patients have needs, not rights is sometimes a set
response to demands for increased patient rights. In fact, patients have both.
Health and life are primary values expressed by health care professionals
and others. But the right to make one's own choices about treatment options,
health care professionals and hospitals, sometimes called autonomy or
self-determination is even more important to many people. In spite of that,
people are in many cases deprived of the chance to make meaningful health
care choices. To strengthen the position of patients in health services, health
legislation and patients' rights may prove to be an effective instrument.
Compared to many other regions, the Nordic region has undergone a rapid
development in legally safeguarding patients' rights. Of eight European
countries, which have introduced laws aimed at safeguarding patient
autonomy, four are Nordic. These countries are Denmark, Iceland, Finland
and Norway. The Norwegian Act has been passed by the Norwegian
Parliament and will come in to force in 2000. Other countries with this type
of legislation are the Netherlands, Israel, Lithuania and Greece.' Analysis of
the existing situation in the Nordic countries reveals differences between
legislators' ambitions and reality. In the following the development in the five
Nordic countries is discussed and the differences between the countries are
analysed. As we shall see, not all that is labelled patient rights laws contains
legally enforceable rights.
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this article is to describe and analyse the differences an
similarities in relation to patients' rights in the five Nordic countries:
Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, and to sketch possible
avenues for the future.

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