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46 Clev. St. L. Rev. 211 (1998)
The Indians' Chief Problem: Chief Wahoo as State Sponsored Discrimination and a Disparaging Mark

handle is hein.journals/clevslr46 and id is 221 raw text is: THE INDIANS' CHIEF PROBLEM: CHIEF WAHOO AS STATE SPONSORED DISCRIMINATION AND A DISPARAGING MARK JACK ACHIEZER GUGGENHEIM1 I. INTRODUCTION .................................... 212 II. THE CLEVELAND INDIANS ............................ 213 A. History of the Cleveland Indians .................. 213 B. History of Chief Wahoo ......................... 214 Iit. CHIEF WAHOO AS STATE SPONSORED DISCRIMINATION ....... 215 A. Chief Wahoo as State Action ..................... 215 B. Equal Protection Under the Fourteenth Amendment .................................. 221 C. Chief Wahoo as a Violation of the Fourteenth Amendment .................................. 222 D. Chief Wahoo as Racist Speech .................... 223 1. Theory of First Amendment Prohibiting Government Endorsed Racist Speech ......... 224 2. The Theory as Applied to Chief Wahoo ....... 225 E. Similar Prior Challenge Failed ................... 226 IV. CHALLENGING THE CHIEF WAHOO TRADEMARK ............ 226 A. Trademark Protection .......................... 227 B. Disparaging and Scandalous ................. 228 1. Standard and Case Law for Disparaging ... . 229 2. Standard and Case Law for Scandalous . .... 231 C. Evidence that Chief Wahoo Refers to Native Americans and is Disparaging and Scandalous ...... 232 D. Evidence that Chief Wahoo is not Disparaging or Scandalous ................................. 233 E. Challenge to the Redskins Trademark .............. 234 V . CONCLUSION ..................................... 237 1B.A., Cum Laude, Yeshiva University, 1993; J.D., with honors, Columbia University, 1996. COA, with honors, Parker School of International and Comparative Law, 1996. Associate, Sidley & Austin. This article expresses only the views of the author. This article is written with thanks to Marilyn, David and Rachel, who have made me feel part of the home team.

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