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8 Buff. Crim. L. Rev. 385 (2004-2005)
Victims and Perpetrators: An Argument for Comparative Liability in Criminal Law

handle is hein.journals/bufcr8 and id is 391 raw text is: Victims and Perpetrators: An Argument for Comparative Liability in Criminal Law Vera Bergelsont Introduction ....................................................................... 387 I. Victims in Social Sciences and in Criminal Law .... 390 A. Victims in Social Sciences ................................. 390 B. Victims in Criminal Law ................................... 398 1. C onsent ......................................................... 398 2. Self-D efense .................................................. 405 3. Provocation ................................................... 408 II. Normative Argument: Why Victims' Conduct Should Be Relevant to Perpetrators' Liability ........ 419 A. Punishment Argument ...................................... 419 1. Retributivist Argument ................................ 420 2. Utilitarian Argument ................................... 423 a. Economic Efficiency Argument ............... 424 b. Increase of Moral Authority of Criminal Law .......................................... 425 (i) Reducing Criminal Sanctions Argument .................................... 425 (ii) Respecting Community Standards Argument .................. 427 B. Consistency Argument ...................................... 432 C. Penalty Argument ............................................. 436 D. Torts Argument ................................................. 446 t Associate Professor, Rutgers School of Law-Newark; J.D., University of Pennsylvania; Ph.D., Institute of Slavic and Balkan Studies at the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. I thank my colleague George C. Thomas III for all the discussions we had throughout my work on this project. I also thank Meir Dan-Cohen, Joshua Dressier, Markus Dirk Dubber, Douglas N. Husak, John Leubsdorf, Gregory Mark, Stephen J. Morse, Kenneth W. Simons, George C. Thomas, III, and participants of Rutgers School of Law-Newark Faculty Colloquium for their thoughtful comments. Finally, I am grateful to the deputy director of Rutgers Law Library Paul Axel-Lute and my research assistant Joshua M. Gaffney for their excellent research and advice, and to the Dean's Research Fund of Rutgers School of Law-Newark for its financial support.

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